Closed Loop Stimulation

A new era in physiologic pacing.

At BIOTRONIK, we have pioneered some of the industry’s most important solutions for increasing therapy effectiveness, streamlining clinic workflow and improving the quality of life for patients – one of these is Closed Loop Stimulation (CLS), a unique physiologic rate-adaptive technology.

CLS is integrated into the natural cardiovascular control system and determines the appropriate heart rate based on intracardiac impedance measurements. These measurements reflect changes of the cardiac contraction dynamics in reaction to information coming from the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS).
 

Cardiac output (CO) is the product of heart rate (HR) and stroke volume (SV). The cardiac output will be "monitored" by the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) via the mean arterial blood pressure (MABP). Changes in the MABP influence the information coming from the ANS thus have an effect on the heart rate and contraction dynamics of the myocardium, resulting in the adaptation of the CO to the current metabolic demand.

During chronotropic incompetence or other dysfunctions of the sinus node, CLS takes the information on the contraction dynamics and translates these into proper heart rate adaptation, thus delivering proven physiologic therapy.

By doing so, CLS emulates the healthy SA node providing optimal heart rates under every circumstance, even during mental exercise.

Closed Loop Stimulation is available for selected BIOTRONIK pacemakers, including the original BIOTRONIK Home Monitoring Service.